vendredi, août 11, 2006

Le jab.

En boxe anglaise, le jab est un mouvement technico-tactique utilisable tant en attaque qu'en défense. Quelques situations dans lesquelles on peut y avoir recours. Comment l'exécuter correctement. Illustrations par des clips vidéo.

1. Définition du jab.

Le jab est un coup long, de trajectoire rectiligne, administré avec une intention autre que celle de marquer.

2. Quelques intentions possibles à la base du jab.

Le jab peut s'exécuter:

- lors des premières minutes de l'opposition, pour pouvoir étudier paisiblement l'adversaire (caractéristiques de sa garde, de ses déplacements, de ses coups de poing, ...);
- pour préparer une attaque;
- pour tenter de débloquer une situation telle que l'immobilité associée à une garde très fermée d'un adversaire;
- comme coup d'arrêt; ou
- lorsque, momentanément, on ne sait plus quoi faire (si, par exemple, on est surpris par un "pressing" de l'adversaire).

Le clip suivant illustre le jab préparant une attaque. Lorsque la cible est éloignée, le boxeur avance jusqu'à la distance adéquate avant d'exécuter le jab. Lorsque la cible s'approche, le boxeur attend qu'elle arrive à la distance adéquate avant d'exécuter le jab.





Le deuxième clip montre Rocky Marciano (culotte noire). On peut constater que ses jabs qualifiés de timides sont préparateurs de coups très puissants.





3. Exécution du jab.

Marquer étant exclu des intentions, des dispositions sont prises pour éviter un gaspillage d'énergie:

- les appuis ne bougent pas;
- il n'y a pas de transfert de poids supporté par un appui à l'autre;
- la rotation de la ceinture pelvienne, si elle apparaît, ne doit pas être voulue;
- la rotation de la ceinture scapulaire accompagne le coup de poing;
- au moment de l'impact, l'épaule du même côté que le poing protège la mâchoire inférieure, la paume fait face au sol et le pouce est tourné vers l'intérieur;
- entre le point de départ et le point d'arrivée, le poing suit une trajectoire rectiligne;
- immédiatement après l'impact, le poing rentre le plus vite possible à sa position de départ en suivant une trajectoire rectiligne;
- le membre supérieur qui n'est pas en train d'envoyer le coup s'efforce de ne pas trop s'éloigner de sa position de garde; et
- à l'aller comme au retour, la face ne cesse de faire face à l'adversaire.

Ci-dessous, deux clips qui illustrent l'exécution correcte du jab à partir de la "garde droite".









Pour des raisons de sécurité, on exécute le jab avec le poing avant. Toutefois, des jabs ont été exécutés avec le poing arrière par manque d'habitude (des débutants) ou, selon un spécialiste, par mépris pour l'adversaire (Muhammad Ali lors du combat qui l'a opposé à George Foreman à Kinshasa).

Les appuis restant immobiles pendant l'exécution, il est possible de doubler ou de tripler le jab. Il n'est pas par contre interdit de faire précéder ou de faire suivre le jab par un déplacement d'appuis (tactique).

Le dernier clip montre Muhammad Ali (culotte blanche) lors d'un combat qui l'a opposé à Cleveland Williams en 1966. A plusieurs reprises, immédiatement après l'impact de son jab simple de gauche, il se déplace vers la gauche autour de son adversaire.





Des détails concernant la "garde droite" sont logés à l'url (vous pouvez cliquer) http://boxe-anglaise.blogspot.com/2006/06/actions-possibles-face-une-garde-donne.html

Bonne application!

André MUKALA NSENGU TSHIBANGU,
Prévôt Fédéral, Juge et Directeur d'Assaut.

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